{"id":8253,"date":"2014-09-27T19:07:47","date_gmt":"2014-09-27T23:07:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/?page_id=8253"},"modified":"2014-11-09T13:48:45","modified_gmt":"2014-11-09T18:48:45","slug":"7c-lt","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/7c-lt\/","title":{"rendered":"7c: Kartojimai (ciklai)"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- Please retain this notice and add more notes if you create a new version.<br \/>\nLithuanian translators: Jurgis Pralgauskis, jurgis.pralgauskis@gmail.com, Aidis Stukas aidiss@gmail.com<br \/>\nOriginal lesson author: David Pritchard, daveagp@gmail.com, http:\/\/cscircles.ca<br \/>\nLicense: http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/-->\n<p><em>Septinta pamoka yra suskirstyta \u012f tris dalis: A, B ir C. Jas galite atlikte bet kokia tvarka.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Jau i\u0161mokome reik\u0161mi\u0173 priskyrim\u0105\/keitim\u0105, nuskaitym\u0105 ir spausdinim\u0105. Taip pat - s\u0105lygos s\u0105kin\u012f (\u201e<code>if<\/code>\u201c). \u0160ioje pamokoje i\u0161moksime, kaip naudoti <code>kartojimo sakinius - ciklus<\/code> (angli\u0161kai \u201e<code>loop<\/code>\u201c). Kartojimas, ko gero, yra pats naudingiausias program\u0173 elementas, nes leid\u017eia greitai atlikti daug skai\u010diavim\u0173 - kas \u017emon\u0117ms u\u017etrukt\u0173 ir b\u016bt\u0173 laaabai nuobodu. Pavyzd\u017eiui, apskaitos sistemose norint su\u017einoti peln\u0105, reikia atlikti kartojim\u0105, kuris susumuot\u0173 visus pardavimus. Arba, tikrinant teksto ra\u0161yb\u0105, reikia pakartoti tikrinim\u0105 kiekvienam teksto \u017eod\u017eiui. \u0160ioje pamokoje i\u0161moksime <code>while<\/code> ir <code>for<\/code> ciklus.<br \/>\nPana\u0161iai, kaip met\u0173 cikle kei\u010diasi pavasaris-vasara-ruduo-\u017eiema (ir v\u0117l pavasaris, ir t.t...), programos cikle nurodytiems veiksmams pasibaigus, jie v\u0117l pradedami vykdyti i\u0161 naujo (bet jau su kitais duomenimis).<br \/>\n<a name=\"A\"><\/a><br\/><\/p>\n<h2>A. Ciklas \u201e<code>while<\/code>\u201c<\/h2>\n<p>\u201e<code>while<\/code>\u201c sakinys kartoja veiksmus tol, kol s\u0105lyga yra tenkinama (jos reik\u0161m\u0117 yra <code>True<\/code>), pvz.:<\/p>\n<p><iframe width='100%' height='480' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/OnlinePythonTutor3-cemc\/iframe-embed.html#code=timeLeft+%3D+5%0Awhile+timeLeft+%3E+0%3A+%23+kartojimo+antra%C5%A1t%C4%97+su+s%C4%85lyga%0A+print%28timeLeft%29+%23+ciklo+veiksmai%0A+timeLeft+%3D+timeLeft-1+%23+ciklo+veiksmai%0Aprint%28%27Blastoff%21%27%29+%23+nebe+ciklas&cumulative=false&heapPrimitives=false&drawParentPointers=false&textReferences=false&showOnlyOutputs=false&py=3&curInstr=0&resizeContainer=true&highlightLines&width=450&rightStdout=1'><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u201e<code>while<\/code>\u201c u\u017era\u0161ymo detal\u0117s:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pirmoje eilut\u0117je yra antra\u0161t\u0117 <code>while \u00abs\u0105lyga\u00bb:<\/code> kur \u00abs\u0105lyga\u00bb gali b\u016bti \u012fvertinta <code>True<\/code> arba <code>False<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>Toliau, atitrauktas veiksm\u0173 blokas, kur\u012f mes norime kartoti.<\/li>\n<li>Kaip ciklas veikia:\n<ul>\n<li>Jei s\u0105lyga tenkinama, ciklo veiksmai vykdomi;<\/li>\n<li>Kartojimo metu kei\u010diasi kintamasis, pagal kur\u012f tikrinama s\u0105lyga;<\/li>\n<li>Kai s\u0105lyga tampa <code>False<\/code>, ciklas yra sustabdomas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Taigi, auk\u0161\u010diau esan\u010diame pavyzdyje, mes kartojame ciklo veiksmus kol <code>timeLeft<\/code> laikas buvo didesnis u\u017e 0.<\/p>\n<p>Naudojant skaitliukus cikle yra svarb\u016bs 3 dalykai:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Startas (priskiriamas prie\u0161 pradedant cikl\u0105) - pavyzdy buvo <code>5<\/code><\/li>\n<li>Fini\u0161as (nurodomas ciklo kartojimo s\u0105lygoje) - pavyzdy buvo <code>0<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u017dingsnis (daromas ciklo viduje - jei j\u012f u\u017emir\u0161ime, ciklas niekada nesibaigs!) - pavyzdy buvo <code>-1<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform0\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox0'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Did\u0117janti seka<\/span><\/div>Pakeiskite auk\u0161\u010diau esant\u012f pavyzd\u012f taip, kad vykt\u0173 skai\u010diavimas nuo 1 iki 10, o tada b\u016bt\u0173 atspausdinama <code>Blastoff!<\/code><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode0' id='usercode0'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput0\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch0\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(0)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect0' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(0,'7c.countup')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(0);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"20a426d00d8e1a9c460115a8edd91c83\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(0);});pbInputSwitch(0,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Su ciklais lengva para\u0161yti program\u0105, kuri veiks be galo (naudotojui atrodys. kad kompiuteris pakibo). <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform1\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox1'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Begalinis ciklas<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode1' id='usercode1'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nwhile True:\n x=1<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory1' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit1' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(1)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(1,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse1\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"1\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"7a48ca21c722ec9b36719434e8bb9f57\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults1' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit1\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse1\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n Mes gauname klaid\u0105 \"Time Limit Exceeded\" (vir\u0161yta laiko riba), kadangi CS Circles serveris neleid\u017eia programai t\u0119stis ilgiau nei vien\u0105 sekund\u0119. Po vienos sekund\u0117s programa yra sustabdoma. Paleidus program\u0105 <a href=\"\/run-at-home\/\">namie<\/a>, ji niekada nesustot\u0173, nebent j\u0105 sustabdytum\u0117te paspaud\u0119 Ctrl-C.  <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<p><!-- ******* B ********* -->\n<a name=\"B\"><\/a><br \/>\n<br\/><\/p>\n<h2>B. Ciklas \u201e<code>for<\/code>\u201c<\/h2>\n<p>\u201e<code>for<\/code>\u201c ciklas yra skirtas duomen\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161o perrinkimui. Nuo \u201e<code>while<\/code>\u201c jis skiriasi tuo, kad visada yra baigtinis - kartojama tiek, kiek s\u0105ra\u0161e yra element\u0173. Nurodytam kintamajam paeiliui priskiriamas kiekvienas s\u0105ra\u0161o elementas.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160tai <code>for<\/code> ciklo pavyzdys.<\/p>\n<p><iframe width='100%' height='480' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/OnlinePythonTutor3-cemc\/iframe-embed.html#code=for+pazymys+in+%5B7%2C10%2C+5%5D%3A+%23%5B7%2C+10%2C+5%5D+yra+skai%C4%8Di%C5%B3+s%C4%85ra%C5%A1as%0A+print%28%22pa%C5%BEymys+yra%22%2C+pazymys%29&cumulative=false&heapPrimitives=false&drawParentPointers=false&textReferences=false&showOnlyOutputs=false&py=3&curInstr=0&resizeContainer=true&highlightLines&width=400&rightStdout=1'><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Programavime da\u017enai reikia perrinkti skai\u010dius i\u0161 eil\u0117s (kaip dar\u0117me \u201ewhile\u201c cikle) - su <code>for<\/code> atrodyt\u0173 taip:<\/p>\n<p><iframe width='100%' height='480' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/OnlinePythonTutor3-cemc\/iframe-embed.html#code=for+x+in+range%2810%2C+15%29%3A%0A+print%28%22skaitliukas+lygus%22%2C+x%29&cumulative=false&heapPrimitives=false&drawParentPointers=false&textReferences=false&showOnlyOutputs=false&py=3&curInstr=0&resizeContainer=true&highlightLines&width=400&rightStdout=1'><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u010cia naudojama \"<code>range(..)<\/code>\" (angl. \u201eintervalas\u201c) funkcija, kuri generuoja skai\u010di\u0173 sek\u0105 pagal nurodytas ribas. Tik pabaigos riba naudojama neimtinai (paskutinis gautas skai\u010dius buvo 14, o ne 15).<\/p>\n<p>Bendra <code>for<\/code> ciklo su skaitliuku strukt\u016bra yra:<\/p>\n<pre><strong>for<\/strong> \u00abskaitliukas\u00bb <strong>in<\/strong> <strong>range<\/strong>(\u00abprad\u017eia\u00bb, \u00abpabaiga\u00bb)<strong>:<\/strong>\r\n \u00a0 \u00abcikle vykdomi veiksmai\u00bb<\/pre>Pirmiausia <code>skaitliukas<\/code> gauna reik\u0161m\u0119 <code>prad\u017eia<\/code>. Po to, kartojama su reik\u0161m\u0117mis <code>prad\u017eia+1<\/code>, <code>prad\u017eia+2<\/code>, ir t.t. Kai galiausiai atliekami veiksmai su reik\u0161me <code>pabaiga-1<\/code>, kartojimas sustoja.<\/p>\n<p>For cikl\u0105 su skaitliuku atitikt\u0173 toks \"while\" ciklas:<\/p>\n<pre>\u00abskaitliukas\u00bb = \u00abprad\u017eia\u00bb\r\n<strong>while<\/strong> \u00abskaitliukas\u00bb <strong>&lt;<\/strong> \u00abpabaiga\u00bb<strong>:<\/strong> \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\r\n \u00a0 \u00abcikle vykdomi veiksmai\u00bb\r\n \u00a0 \u00abskaitliukas\u00bb = \u00abskaitliukas\u00bb + 1 \u00a0 \u00a0 # skaitliukas padidinamas, atlikus veiksmus<\/pre>Ar pamenate \u012fd\u0117tin\u012f s\u0105lygos sakin\u012f - t.y., kai viename s\u0105lygos sakiny yra dar vienas. Analogi\u0161kai gali b\u016bti ir su ciklais. Ciklas cikle (angl. \u201enested loop\u201c) yra gan da\u017enai naudojamas rimtesn\u0117se programose, pavyzd\u017eiui, kai reikia perrinkti visus galimus kelius tarp keliolikos miest\u0173. \u0160tai <code>for<\/code> ciklo esan\u010dio kitame <code>for<\/code> cikle pavyzdys.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform2\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox2'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Ciklas cikle<\/span><\/div>\u0160is kodas atspausdina 5 x 5 lentel\u0119, kurioe visi elementai yra \u201c1\u201d. <br\/><strong>Svarbu<\/strong>: kai dauginame skai\u010di\u0173 <code>X<\/code> i\u0161 de\u0161imt ir pridedame vienet\u0105, mes tiesiog pridedame <code>1<\/code> prie <code>X<\/code> pabaigos. Pavyzd\u017eiui, (1867*10)+1=18671.<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 136px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode2' id='usercode2'  cols=10 rows=5 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 136px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nfor i in range(0, 5): # i\u0161orinis ciklas \n X = 0\n for j in range(0, 5): # vidinis ciklas\n  X = (X*10)+1\n print(X)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory2' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit2' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(2)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(2,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse2\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"2\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"eede08573fe8a2a22ef6445ca3aae250\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults2' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit2\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse2\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Kad geriau suprastum\u0117te, kaip tai veikia, galite i\u0161bandyti \"Veiksm\u0173 sekim\u0105\". Kei\u010diant i\u0161orinio bei vidinio ciklo skaitliuk\u0173 intervalus, galima gauti skirtingos formos \"pie\u0161in\u012f\". Paeksperimentuokite, nes perprasti cikl\u0105 cikle b\u016bna nelengva.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox3'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Vienas trikampis<\/span><\/div>Pakeiskite program\u0105, kad<\/p>\n<ol>\n<ol>\n<li>vietoje kvadrato gaut\u0173si trikampis: \u25e4 - reikia, kad vidinio ciklo intervalas vis ma\u017e\u0117t\u0173 (<a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink4\">u\u017euomina<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>vietoje 5 eilu\u010di\u0173, programa tur\u0117t\u0173 pie\u0161ti tiek, kiek \u012fvesta (su <code>input()<\/code>) (<a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink5\">u\u017euomina<\/a>). Tarkime, jei bus \u012fvesta <code>3<\/code>, tur\u0117t\u0173 gautis\n<pre>111\r\n11\r\n1<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/ol>\n<p><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\nn=int(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput3\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode3' value='n=int(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch3\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(3)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect3' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(3,'7c.triangle')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(3,descape($('#defaultCode3').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(3);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"b313ccca26cbf2fc2e71fd89fe8863d1\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(3);});pbInputSwitch(3,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><!-- ******* C ********* -->\n<a name=\"C\"><\/a><br \/>\n<br\/><\/p>\n<h2>C. <code>break<\/code> ir <code>continue<\/code> komandos<\/h2>\n<p><code>break<\/code> rei\u0161kia veiksm\u0173 nutraukim\u0105 (analogi\u0161kai naudojamas ir bokse). J\u012f pri\u0117jusi, programa nutraukia ciklo vykdym\u0105 ir per\u0161oka \u012f komand\u0105, esan\u010di\u0105 po ciklo. \u0160ai <code>break<\/code> naudojimo pavyzdys: \u0161i programa skaito \u012fvesties eilutes kol randa para\u0161yta <code>\"END\"<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox6'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>\u012evedam\u0173 eilu\u010di\u0173 perrinkimas iki spec. \u017eenklo<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 188px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode6' id='usercode6'  cols=10 rows=7 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 188px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\ncounter = 0\nwhile True:\n lineIn = input()\n if lineIn == 'END':\n  break\n counter = counter+1\n print('line', counter, '=', lineIn)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(6)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"c097e648088a5f64aeb127688f0f1d8b\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit6\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse6\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Vienas ciklo veiksm\u0173 \u012fvykdymo kartas dar vadinamas <strong>iteracija<\/strong>. <code>continue<\/code> komanda <strong>praleid\u017eia<\/strong> likusius iteracijos veiksmus ir pradeda kit\u0105 iteracij\u0105. <code>continue<\/code> prasm\u0117 angli\u0161kai b\u016bt\u0173 - \u201econtinue from next iteration\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform7\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox7'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 110px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode7' id='usercode7'  cols=10 rows=4 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 110px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nfor n in range(10, 16): \n if (n == 13): # blogas \u017eenklas\n  continue # tod\u0117l praleid\u017eiam veiksmus su juo;)\n print(n)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory7' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit7' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(7)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(7,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse7\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"7\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"94e857e247817a3ae37109b6d230d873\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults7' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit7\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse7\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0160tai pavyzdys, kuriame naudojamas ir <code>break<\/code>, ir <code>continue<\/code>. Ar galite nusp\u0117ti i\u0161vest\u012f?<br \/>\n<iframe width='100%' height='480' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/OnlinePythonTutor3-cemc\/iframe-embed.html#code=for+i+in+range%281%2C+16%29%3A%0A++if+%28i+%3D%3D+4%29%3A%0A++++continue%0A++if+%28i+%3D%3D+9%29%3A%0A++++break%0A++print%28i%29%0Aprint%28%27Done%27%29&cumulative=false&heapPrimitives=false&drawParentPointers=false&textReferences=false&showOnlyOutputs=false&py=3&curInstr=0&resizeContainer=true&highlightLines&width=400&rightStdout=1'><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Pratimai<\/h2>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform8\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox8'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>\"Kvadratiniai\" skai\u010diai<\/span><\/div>\"Kvadratiniais\" skai\u010diais vadinsime tokius, i\u0161 kuri\u0173 galima i\u0161traukti \u0161akn\u012f, pvz 9 yra \"kvadratinis\", nes 3 x 3 = 9. Para\u0161ykite program\u0105, kuri i\u0161 \u012fvesties perskaito skai\u010di\u0173 <em>n<\/em> ir atspausdina visus teigiamus kvadratinius skai\u010dius ma\u017eesnius nei <em>n<\/em>. Spausdinti reika po vien\u0105 \u012f eilut\u0119 did\u0117jimo tvarka. Pavyzd\u017eiui, kai \u012fvedama 15, tur\u0117t\u0173 gautis:<\/p>\n<pre>1\r\n4\r\n9<\/pre><a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink9\">U\u017euomina<\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode8' id='usercode8'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\nn=int(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory8' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput8\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode8' value='n=int(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit8' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch8\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(8)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect8' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(8,'7c.squares')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(8,descape($('#defaultCode8').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(8);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse8\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"8\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"5f6610a1e7a3cd3d127660e077189834\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults8' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(8);});pbInputSwitch(8,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform10\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox10'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Praleid\u017eiame eilutes<\/span><\/div>Papildykite \"Eilu\u010di\u0173 perrinkimo\" pavyzd\u012f (j\u012f perkopijavome), taip, kad kiekviena eilut\u0117, kuri yra lygi \"<code>SKIP<\/code>\", neb\u016bt\u0173 spausdinama. Taip pat, \u0161i eilut\u0117 tur\u0117t\u0173 nepadidinti skaitliuko (<code>counter<\/code>). <a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink11\">U\u017euomina<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode10' id='usercode10'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\ncounter = 0\nwhile True:\n lineIn = input()\n if lineIn == 'END':\n break\n counter = counter+1\n print('line', counter, '=', lineIn)\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory10' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput10\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode10' value='counter = 0\\nwhile True:\\n lineIn = input()\\n if lineIn == \\u0027END\\u0027:\\n break\\n counter = counter+1\\n print(\\u0027line\\u0027, counter, \\u0027=\\u0027, lineIn)\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit10' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch10\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(10,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(10)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(10,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect10' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(10,'7c.skip')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(10,descape($('#defaultCode10').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(10);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse10\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"10\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"1c2c69672039a18f4fdea588636496c0\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults10' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(10);});pbInputSwitch(10,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform12\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox12'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Skaidymas dauginamaisiais<\/span><\/div>Jei <em>a<\/em> \u00d7 <em>b<\/em> = <em>n<\/em>, tai <em>a<\/em> ir <em>b<\/em> vadiname <em>n<\/em> dauginamaisiais. \u0160iame u\u017edavinyje para\u0161ykite program\u0105, kuri nuskaitys teigiam\u0105 skai\u010di\u0173 <em>n<\/em> (int tipo) ir i\u0161ves visas jo dauginam\u0173j\u0173 poras; Rezultat\u0173 format\u0105 \u017er. pavyzdyje:<\/p>\n<pre>1 times 10 equals 10\r\n2 times 5 equals 10\r\n5 times 2 equals 10\r\n10 times 1 equals 10<\/pre><a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink13\">U\u017euomina<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode12' id='usercode12'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\nn = int(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory12' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput12\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode12' value='n = int(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit12' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch12\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(12,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(12)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(12,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect12' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(12,'7c.factorize')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(12,descape($('#defaultCode12').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(12);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse12\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"12\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"17813bb0b267124342c582d8da2de14c\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults12' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(12);});pbInputSwitch(12,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Septinta pamoka yra suskirstyta \u012f tris dalis: A, B ir C. Jas galite atlikte bet kokia tvarka. Jau i\u0161mokome reik\u0161mi\u0173 priskyrim\u0105\/keitim\u0105, nuskaitym\u0105 ir spausdinim\u0105. Taip pat - s\u0105lygos s\u0105kin\u012f (\u201eif\u201c). \u0160ioje pamokoje i\u0161moksime, kaip naudoti kartojimo sakinius - ciklus (angli\u0161kai &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/7c-lt\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8253","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8253"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8711,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8253\/revisions\/8711"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}