{"id":8249,"date":"2014-09-27T19:06:32","date_gmt":"2014-09-27T23:06:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/?page_id=8249"},"modified":"2014-11-09T20:55:40","modified_gmt":"2014-11-10T01:55:40","slug":"7a-tekstas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/7a-tekstas\/","title":{"rendered":"7a: Tekstas"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- Please retain this notice and add more notes if you create a new version.<br \/>\nLithuanian translators: Jurgis Pralgauskis, jurgis.pralgauskis@gmail.com, Aidis Stukas aidiss@gmail.com<br \/>\nOriginal lesson author: David Pritchard, daveagp@gmail.com, http:\/\/cscircles.ca<br \/>\nLicense: http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/-->\n<p>Iki \u0161iol tekst\u0105 naudojome labai paprastai - tiesiog atspausdindavome. \u0160ioje pamokoje i\u0161moksime j\u012f analizuoti ir pertvarkyti.<\/p>\n<h2>Kas yra tekstas?<\/h2>\n<p>Angli\u0161kai tekstiniai duomenys vadinami \"string\" - eilut\u0117mis, tod\u0117l, kad kompiutriuose tekstas yra raid\u017ei\u0173\/simboli\u0173 eilut\u0117. Pvz, \"Hello, World!\" yra eilut\u0117 i\u0161 13 simboli\u0173. Jo duomen\u0173 tipas \u017eymimas <code>str<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>Visa kompiuteryje i\u0161saugota informacija yra nuliukai ir vienetukai (<a href=\"http:\/\/lt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dvejetain%C4%97_skai%C4%8Diavimo_sistema\">dvejetain\u0117je sistemoje<\/a> galima u\u017ekoduot bet kok\u012f skai\u010di\u0173). O <strong>kaip saugoma tekstin\u0117 informacija<\/strong>? Yra specialios simboli\u0173 lentel\u0117s - anks\u010diau <a href=\"http:\/\/lt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ASCII\">ASCII<\/a>, dabar <a href=\"http:\/\/lt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unikodas\">Unicode<\/a> ar pan. - kuriose i\u0161 eil\u0117s i\u0161vardinti visi galimi simboliai. Pvz,\u00a0 \"H\" numeris jose yra 40.\u00a0 Tad u\u017etenka saugoti skai\u010dius - simboli\u0173 numerius, o atvaizdavimo metu paimti atitinkamus simbolius (vaizdelius).<br \/>\nPS: d\u0117l to, kartais, supainiojus koduot\u0119 arba \u0161rift\u0105, vietoj lietuvi\u0161k\u0173 raid\u017ei\u0173 matosi \"kringeliai\".<\/p>\n<h2>Teksto tvarkymas, imant po simbol\u012f: <code>Tekstas[..]<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>Tekstas yra simboli\u0173 <a href=\"\/13-lt\/\">s\u0105ra\u0161as<\/a>.\u00a0 Jame simboliai sunumeruoti i\u0161 eil\u0117s. Visos \"Hello, World!\" teksto reik\u0161m\u0117s b\u016bt\u0173 sunumeruotos taip:<\/p>\n<pre>Numeris  : 0 \u00a01 \u00a02 \u00a03 \u00a04 \u00a05 \u00a06 \u00a07 \u00a08 \u00a09 10 11 12\r\nReik\u0161m\u0117s.: H \u00a0e \u00a0l \u00a0l \u00a0o \u00a0, \u00a0 \u00a0 W \u00a0o \u00a0r \u00a0l \u00a0d \u00a0!<\/pre>Kaip paimti teksto simbol\u012f?<\/p>\n<pre><strong>Tekstas[ nr ]<\/strong><\/pre>gr\u0105\u017eina simbol\u012f i\u0161 eilut\u0117s <code>Tekstas<\/code>, esant\u012f <code>nr<\/code> vietoje. Daug kam ne\u012fprasta, bet programuotojams patogiau numeruoti nuo nulio, tad pradinis simbolis bus <code>Tekstas[0]<\/code>!<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Kitose programavimo kalbose b\u016bna specialus simbolio duomen\u0173 tipas. Pitone, tai tiesiog vieno simbolio ilgio tekstas, taigi <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/console\/?consolecode=ch%20%3D%20%22Hi%22%5B0%5D%0Aprint%28ch%29%0Aprint%28type%28ch%29%29%0Aprint%28len%28ch%29%29\" target=\"_blank\">j\u0173 tipas yra <code>str<\/code><\/a>. <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<h2>Teksto ilgis: <code>len<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>Nor\u0117dami su\u017einoti teksto ilg\u012f, naudokite <code>len<\/code> funkcij\u0105. Pavyzd\u017eiui, <code>len(\"Hello, World!\")<\/code> gr\u0105\u017eina 13.<\/p>\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral' id='pybox0'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Multiple Choice Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Paskautin\u0117 raid\u0117<\/span><\/div><div>Kaip pasiekti paskutin\u0119 teksto\u00a0 <code>T <\/code> raid\u0119?<\/div><label>Your choice: <\/label><select id=\"pyselect0\"><option value=\"d\" selected>Select one<\/option><option value=\"w\">T[len(T)]<\/option><option value=\"w\">T[len(T)+1]<\/option><option value=\"r\">T[len(T)-1]<\/option><\/select><div class='pyboxbuttons'><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"slug\" value=\"7a.last\"\/><input type='submit' style='margin:5px;' value='Check answer' onClick='pbMultiCheck(0)'\/><\/div><div class=\"pbresults\" id=\"pyMultiResults0\"><\/div><div class=\"epilogue\"><code>len(T)<\/code> gr\u0105\u017eina visos tekstin\u0117s eilut\u0117s ilg\u012f, bet kadangi tekstin\u0117 eilut\u0117 numeruojama nu 0, paskutin\u0117s raid\u0117s numeris yra vienu ma\u017eesnis negu eilut\u0117s ilgis: <code>len(T)-1<\/code>.<\/div><\/div>\n<p>\u0160tai <code>len<\/code> ir numeracijos<code> <\/code>naudojimo pavyzdys.<br \/>\n<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform1\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox1'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Teksto ilgis ir simboliai<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 110px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode1' id='usercode1'  cols=10 rows=4 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 110px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nmagic = 'Abracadabra!'\nprint(magic)\nprint(len(magic))\nprint(magic[0], magic[1], magic[len(magic)-1])<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory1' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit1' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(1)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(1,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse1\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"1\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"e51b7dc5b00e4068e3f94fedfba27cb9\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults1' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit1\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse1\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Teksto atkarpos: <code>S[:]<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>Pagal simboli\u0173 numerius galima paimti teksto dal\u012f\/atkarp\u0105 (angl. <strong>substring<\/strong>\/<strong>slice<\/strong>). Pavyzd\u017eiui, \"eat\" ir \"ted\" yra \"repeated\" dalys. Atkarpos nurodymo pvz.:<\/p>\n<pre>Tekstas[ prad\u017eiosNr : pabaigosNr ]<\/pre>paims tekst\u0105 nuo <strong>prad\u017eiosNr<\/strong> (imtinai) iki <strong>pabaigosNr<\/strong> (neimtinai - realiai paima iki <strong>pabaigosNr-1<\/strong>). Pabandykite atsp\u0117ti rezultat\u0105 prie\u0161 paleisdami kod\u0105.<br \/>\n<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform2\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox2'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Substrings<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 110px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode2' id='usercode2'  cols=10 rows=4 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 110px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nmyString = 'Weighty'\nprint(myString[1:6])\nprint('magic'[3:3])\nprint('chump'[0:4])<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory2' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit2' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(2)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(2,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse2\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"2\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"45119d9534f7774b00f02ed90785927c\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults2' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit2\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse2\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span>  Turb\u016bt keista, kad\u00a0 <strong>pabaigosNr<\/strong> naudojamas neimtinai.\u00a0 D\u0117l \u0161ios prie\u017easties da\u017enai pasitaiko klaid\u0173 - kaip ir d\u0117l numeravimu nuo nulio. Ta\u010diau, tai yra patogu sud\u0117tingesniuose skai\u010diavimuose. Pavyzd\u017eiui, teksto atkarpoje\u00a0 <code>T[i:j]<\/code> visada yra <code>j-i<\/code> simboli\u0173. Arba jei reikia tekst\u0105 padalint \u012f 2 dalis ties k-t\u0105ja raide,\u00a0 galima ra\u0161yt <code>T[0:<strong>k<\/strong>]<\/code>, <code>T[<strong>k<\/strong>: len(T)-1]<\/code> -- pirmoje dalyje k bus neimtinai, o antroje imtinai.\u00a0  <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox3'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Tekstini\u0173 eilu\u010di\u0173 skutimas<\/span><\/div>Para\u0161ykite program\u0105, kuri gauna tekst\u0105 i\u0161 <code>input()<\/code>, ir atspausdina j\u012f \"apskust\u0105\" - be pirmos ir paskutin\u0117s raid\u017ei\u0173. (Tarkime, kad pradinio teksto ilgis bus bent 2). Pavyzd\u017eiui \u012fved\u0119 <code>Pitonas<\/code> tur\u0117tume gauti <code>itona<\/code>.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput3\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch3\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(3)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect3' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(3,'7a.firstlast')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(3);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"8f2e4f2f54ca54d1f843dde2aeec3e86\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(3);});pbInputSwitch(3,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Teksto sud\u0117tis: <code>+<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>\u017dinome, kad 1+2=3. Tekstui sud\u0117ties \u017eenklas veikia kitaip - tiesiog sujungia (angl. \"concatenate\") 2 tekstus \u012f vien\u0105:<br \/>\n<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform4\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox4'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Tekstini\u0173 eilu\u010di\u0173 sud\u0117tis<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 84px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode4' id='usercode4'  cols=10 rows=3 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 84px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nresult = 'one' + 'two'\nprint(result)\nprint(len(result))<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory4' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit4' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(4)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(4,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse4\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"4\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"62358a81fad53d1d7f820f813205c2da\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults4' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit4\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse4\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform5\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox5'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Galvos ir uodegos<\/span><\/div> Da\u017enai pradin\u0117 teksto dalis vadinama \"galva\" (angl \"head\"), o galutin\u0117 - \"uodega\" (angl. \"tail\"). Para\u0161ykite program\u0105, kuri perskaito <code>input()<\/code> ir atspausdina\u00a0 sukeitusi pirm\u0105 ir paskutin\u0119 raides. Tarkime, kad teksto ilgis yra bent 2. Pavyzd\u017eiui, \u012fved\u0119 <code>Indeniada<\/code> tur\u0117tume gauti <code>andeniadI<\/code>.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode5' id='usercode5'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory5' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput5\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit5' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch5\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(5)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect5' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(5,'7a.swap')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(5);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse5\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"5\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"984ec3f0f3ac84370263c12025fec75d\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults5' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(5);});pbInputSwitch(5,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Jei nor\u0117site prie teksto prijungti skai\u010di\u0173, pirmiau reik\u0117s j\u012f\u00a0 konvertuoti \u012f tekst\u0105, naudojant str. Kitaip gausite vien\u0105 i\u0161 dviej\u0173 klaid\u0173, priklausomai nuo reik\u0161mi\u0173 eili\u0161kumo. <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral scramble facultative' id='pybox6'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Pakeiskite eilu\u010di\u0173 tvark\u0105 ir pamatysite, kaip atrodo abi konkatenacijos klaidos<ul class=\"pyscramble\" name=\"pyscramble\" id=\"pyscramble6\">\n <li class=\"pyscramble\">print(&quot;high &quot; + 5)<\/li>\n <li class=\"pyscramble\">print(110 + &quot; percent&quot;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<input type='hidden' id='usercode6' name='usercode6'\/>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"42f55e078525cdaf706e417b10880dee\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit6\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse6\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n  \u0160tai teisingas pavyzdys: <code>str()<\/code> funkcija paver\u010dia skai\u010di\u0173 \u012f tekst\u0105.<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform7\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox7'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Skai\u010di\u0173 konvertavimas \u012f tekst\u0105 su <code>str()<\/code><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode7' id='usercode7'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(\"high \" + str(5))<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory7' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit7' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(7)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(7,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse7\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"7\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"daa4e48441b54e974cbdf799ca6e292e\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults7' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit7\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse7\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<p>Ketvirtoje pamokoje min\u0117jome, kad \u012fmanoma dauginti tekstines eilutes i\u0161 skai\u010diaus: <code>S * n<\/code> rei\u0161kia <code>S + S + ... + S<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform8\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox8'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Tekstini\u0173 eilu\u010di\u0173 dauginimas<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode8' id='usercode8'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(\"niam\" * 2)\nprint(\"mi\"+(\"s\"*2+\"i\")*2+\"ppi\")<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory8' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit8' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(8)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse8\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"8\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"4133dbe9ac5610116c741e0a75a0f1cb\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults8' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit8\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse8\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Simboli\u0173 kodai: <code>ord<\/code>, <code>chr<\/code><a name=\"ord\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<p>Kaip min\u0117jome pamokos prad\u017eioje, m\u016bs\u0173 kompiuteriai kiekvien\u0105 raid\u0119 koduoja skai\u010diumi. Koks kiekvieno simbolio numeris? Bendrai, viskas priklauso nuo to, koki\u0105 koduot\u0119 naudoja J\u016bs\u0173 kompiuteris. Ta\u010diau beveik visi \u0161iandieniniai kompiuteriiai pagrinidniams ra\u0161menims naudoja skai\u010dius tarp 32 ir 255. \u0160tai, susipa\u017einkime su simboliais, kuri\u0173 vert\u0117s yra tarp 32 ir 127:<\/p>\n<pre>ord: 32 \u00a033 \u00a034 \u00a035 \u00a036 \u00a037 \u00a038 \u00a039 \u00a040 \u00a041 \u00a042 \u00a043 \u00a044 \u00a045 \u00a046 \u00a047\r\nchr: \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0! \u00a0 \" \u00a0 # \u00a0 $ \u00a0 % \u00a0 &amp; \u00a0 ' \u00a0 ( \u00a0 ) \u00a0 * \u00a0 + \u00a0 , \u00a0 - \u00a0 . \u00a0 \/\r\nord: 48 \u00a049 \u00a050 \u00a051 \u00a052 \u00a053 \u00a054 \u00a055 \u00a056 \u00a057 \u00a058 \u00a059 \u00a060 \u00a061 \u00a062 \u00a063\r\nchr: \u00a00 \u00a0 1 \u00a0 2 \u00a0 3 \u00a0 4 \u00a0 5 \u00a0 6 \u00a0 7 \u00a0 8 \u00a0 9 \u00a0 : \u00a0 ; \u00a0 &lt; \u00a0 = \u00a0 &gt; \u00a0 ?\r\nord: 64 \u00a065 \u00a066 \u00a067 \u00a068 \u00a069 \u00a070 \u00a071 \u00a072 \u00a073 \u00a074 \u00a075 \u00a076 \u00a077 \u00a078 \u00a079\r\nchr: \u00a0@ \u00a0 A \u00a0 B \u00a0 C \u00a0 D \u00a0 E \u00a0 F \u00a0 G \u00a0 H \u00a0 I \u00a0 J \u00a0 K \u00a0 L \u00a0 M \u00a0 N \u00a0 O\r\nord: 80 \u00a081 \u00a082 \u00a083 \u00a084 \u00a085 \u00a086 \u00a087 \u00a088 \u00a089 \u00a090 \u00a091 \u00a092 \u00a093 \u00a094 \u00a095\r\nchr: \u00a0P \u00a0 Q \u00a0 R \u00a0 S \u00a0 T \u00a0 U \u00a0 V \u00a0 W \u00a0 X \u00a0 Y \u00a0 Z \u00a0 [ \u00a0 \\ \u00a0 ] \u00a0 ^ \u00a0 _\r\nord: 96 \u00a097 \u00a098 \u00a099 \u00a0100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111\r\nchr: \u00a0` \u00a0 a \u00a0 b \u00a0 c \u00a0 d \u00a0 e \u00a0 f \u00a0 g \u00a0 h \u00a0 i \u00a0 j \u00a0 k \u00a0 l \u00a0 m \u00a0 n \u00a0 o\r\nord: 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127\r\nchr: \u00a0p \u00a0 q \u00a0 r \u00a0 s \u00a0 t \u00a0 u \u00a0 v \u00a0 w \u00a0 x \u00a0 y \u00a0 z \u00a0 { \u00a0 | \u00a0 } \u00a0 ~<\/pre>V\u0117liau, a\u0161tuntoje pamokoje, ra\u0161ysime program\u0105, kuri atkartos auk\u0161\u010diau esan\u010di\u0105 lentel\u0119.<br \/>\nAtmintinai i\u0161mokti \u0161ios lentel\u0117s tikrai nereikia. Ta\u010diau verta prisiminti kelet\u0105 detali\u0173.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ma\u017eosios raid\u0117s a, b, c, ..., z turi i\u0161 eil\u0117s did\u0117jan\u010dius kodus<\/li>\n<li>did\u017eiosios raid\u0117s A, B, C, ..., Z irgi turi\u00a0i\u0161 eil\u0117s did\u0117jan\u010dius kodus<\/li>\n<li>ir skai\u010diai 0, 1, 2, ..., 9 turi\u00a0i\u0161 eil\u0117s did\u0117jan\u010dius kodus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Simbolis 32 yra tarpas, o 127 yra vienas i\u0161 speciali\u0173 simboli\u0173. Svarb\u016bs tekstui spec. simboliai yra 9 -\u00a0 tab (tabuliacija) bei\u00a0 10 ir 13 -\u00a0 per\u0161okimas \u012f nauj\u0105 eilut\u0119 (angl \"<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Newline\">newline<\/a>\").<\/p>\n<p>Pitone galime su\u017einoti simbolio numer\u012f su <code>ord<\/code> funkcija (nuo angl. \"order\" - \"eil\u0117s tvarka\"). Ir atvirk\u0161i\u010dai - <code>chr<\/code> funkcija pagal skai\u010di\u0173 gr\u0105\u017eina\u00a0 atitinkam\u0105 simbol\u012f (angl \"character\").<br \/>\n<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform9\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox9'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div> <code>ord<\/code> ir <code>chr<\/code> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode9' id='usercode9'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(ord('a'), ord('b'), ord('A'), ord('B'), ord(' '))\nprint(chr(35), chr(43), chr(100))<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory9' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit9' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(9)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(9,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse9\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"9\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"a351e1806345a8af896f5e992e2af359\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults9' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit9\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse9\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform10\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox10'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Raid\u017ei\u0173 ratas<\/span><\/div>\u012evestyje bus did\u017eioji lotyni\u0161ka raid\u0117. Para\u0161ykite program\u0105, kuri nuskaito <code>input()<\/code> ir\u00a0 atspausdina kit\u0105 i\u0161 eil\u0117s (\"sekan\u010di\u0105\")\u00a0 ab\u0117c\u0117l\u0117s raid\u0119. Pvz.,\u00a0 \"Z\" rezultatas tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti \"A\". Programoje reiks naudoti tik vien\u0105 <code>if<\/code> sakin\u012f. Kita\u00a0 <a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink11\">u\u017euomina<\/a>.)<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode10' id='usercode10'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory10' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput10\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit10' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch10\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(10,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(10)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(10,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect10' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(10,'7a.lowercase')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(10);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse10\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"10\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"95bb7dc29377298b8df54dc3e2a9cdaf\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults10' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(10);});pbInputSwitch(10,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Yra sistem\u0173, kuriose teksto simboliai yra tik tarp 32 ir 127; kitose sistemose yra daug daugiau spausdinam\u0173 simboli\u0173, iki 255 ar net 65535; Unicode sistemoje yra \u0161imtai t\u016bkstan\u010di\u0173 raid\u017ei\u0173. Daugiau apie tai galite pasiskaityti (angli\u0161kai) <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/American_Standard_Code_for_Information_Interchange\">\u010dia<\/a> bei <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joelonsoftware.com\/articles\/Unicode.html\">\u010dia<\/a>. <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<p>Pamok\u0105 baigsime dviem u\u017edaviniais.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform12\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox12'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Pig Latin<\/span><\/div><strong>Pig Latin<\/strong> yra pseudo-kalba. Kad \u012fprastos kalbos \u017eod\u012f \"i\u0161verstume\" \u012f Pig Latin, turime perkelti pirm\u0105 \u017eod\u017eio raid\u0119 \u012f pabaig\u0105 ir prid\u0117ti \u00a0\"ay\". Pavyzd\u017eiui, <em>pagalba<\/em> tampa <em>agalbapay<\/em> o <em>Jonas<\/em> tampa <em>onasJay<\/em>. Para\u0161ykite program\u0105, kuri paima vien\u0105 \u017eod\u012f ir paver\u010dia j\u012f \u012f Pig Latin. (\u0160iaip, Pig Latin taisykl\u0117s yra sud\u0117tingesn\u0117s, bet \u010dia mums u\u017eteks vienos taisykl\u0117s.)<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode12' id='usercode12'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory12' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput12\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit12' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch12\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(12,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(12)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(12,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect12' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(12,'7a.piglatin')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(12);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse12\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"12\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"eb161e5a63f66ac0d38ec8929c1985e0\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults12' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(12);});pbInputSwitch(12,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform13\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox13'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Vard\u0173 \u017eaidimas<\/span><\/div> <strong>Vard\u0173 \u017eaidimas<\/strong> leid\u017eia i\u0161 bet kurio vardo padaryti dain\u0105. Perklausykite \u0161i\u0105 dain\u0105: <div style='text-align: center;'>\n<iframe width='560' height='315' src='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NeF7jqf0GU4?rel=0' frameborder='0' allowfullscreen>\n<\/iframe>\n<\/div> J\u016bs\u0173 programa tur\u0117t\u0173 paimti vard\u0105 ir atspausdinti dain\u0105. Pavyzdys su vardu \u201cpearl\u201d<\/p>\n<pre>pearl, pearl, bo-bearl\r\nbanana-fana fo-fearl\r\nfee-fi-mo-mearl\r\npearl!<\/pre>Svarbu, tikras vardas\/\u017eodis atsiranda tik tris kartus, priedo, vardas atsiranda dar tris kartus, ta\u010diau \u0161iais kartais varde b\u016bna pakeista pirmoji raid\u0117.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode13' id='usercode13'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory13' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput13\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit13' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch13\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(13,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(13)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(13,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect13' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(13,'7a.namegame')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(13);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse13\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"13\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"48273600a668bc860ec1ed46219f8e98\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults13' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(13);});pbInputSwitch(13,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Paie\u0161ka ir pakeitimas<\/h2>\n<p>Da\u017enai norime patikrinti, ar tekste yra ka\u017ekoks \u017eodis\/fragmentas<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform14\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox14'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Fragmento tikrinimas<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 110px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode14' id='usercode14'  cols=10 rows=4 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 110px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\ntxt='Labas' \nprint( 'Ar yra a?', 'a' in txt) \nif 'b' in txt: \n  print('yra ir b')<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory14' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit14' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(14)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(14,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse14\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"14\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"361231fdbaa57c9ca20065930b4f59a4\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults14' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit14\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse14\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Yra specialios funkcijos, tiesiogiai susietos su tekstu - jos vadinamos \"metodais\", pvz \"Labas.upper()\" duos reik\u0161m\u0119 \"LABAS\".<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform15\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox15'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Paie\u0161ka tekste<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 188px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode15' id='usercode15'  cols=10 rows=7 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 188px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\ntxt='Labas rytas'\nprint( 'Kiek kart\u0173 yra \\'as\\'', txt.count('as'))\nprint( 'Kurioje vietoje yra pirmasis \\'as\\':', txt.index('as'))\ntxt = txt.replace('as', 'o')  # pakei\u010diam 'as'  -&gt;   'o'  ir \u012fsid\u0117mim nauj\u0105 reik\u0161m\u0119\nprint( 'Linkime' ,  txt.upper() + '!' )\nif txt.startswith('Lab'):  # yra ir endswith \n  print('Patikrinamome, kad tekstas prasideda \\'Lab\\'')<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory15' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit15' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(15)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(15,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse15\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"15\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"5b42bebc44fcece88cae43289a753633\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults15' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit15\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse15\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Teksto formatavimas<\/h2>\n<p>Da\u017enai prane\u0161imuose naudotojui tekstas turi b\u016bti pateiktas su \u012fterptom kintam\u0173j\u0173 reik\u0161m\u0117m. Tam galima naudot teksto sud\u0117t\u012f, bet patogiau naudoti formatavimo galimybes - nurodant, kur turi b\u016bt \u012fterpiama ir i\u0161vardinant reik\u0161mes v\u0117liau.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform16\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox16'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Formatavimo galimyb\u0117s<\/span><\/div>  <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 162px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode16' id='usercode16'  cols=10 rows=6 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 162px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nvardas = 'Petras'\nprint('Kaimynas %s man skolingas.' % vardas)  # %s nurodo, kur bus \u012fterpta tekstin\u0117 reik\u0161m\u0117,\n# o po eilut\u0117s ir % i\u0161vardinamos konkre\u010dios reik\u0161m\u0117s\nkiek = 10.2\niki_kada = 2016\nprint('Kaimynas %s pasiskolino %6.2f eur\u0173 iki %d met\u0173.'   % (vardas, kiek, iki_kada) )  # s - string, f - float (galima nurodyt, kiek vietos skirt, ir kiek po kablelio), d - digit<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory16' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit16' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(16)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(16,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse16\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"16\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"f4e813c61244d5d196133a4e2cfc26dc\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults16' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit16\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse16\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iki \u0161iol tekst\u0105 naudojome labai paprastai - tiesiog atspausdindavome. \u0160ioje pamokoje i\u0161moksime j\u012f analizuoti ir pertvarkyti. Kas yra tekstas? Angli\u0161kai tekstiniai duomenys vadinami \"string\" - eilut\u0117mis, tod\u0117l, kad kompiutriuose tekstas yra raid\u017ei\u0173\/simboli\u0173 eilut\u0117. Pvz, \"Hello, World!\" yra eilut\u0117 i\u0161 13 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/7a-tekstas\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8249","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8249"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8712,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8249\/revisions\/8712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}