{"id":8145,"date":"2014-09-19T21:03:28","date_gmt":"2014-09-20T01:03:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/?page_id=8145"},"modified":"2014-11-03T15:20:31","modified_gmt":"2014-11-03T20:20:31","slug":"1e-lt","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/1e-lt\/","title":{"rendered":"1E: Errors - klaidos"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- Please retain this notice and add more notes if you create a new version.<br \/>\nLithuanian translators:  Jurgis Pralgauskis, jurgis.pralgauskis@gmail.com, Aidis Stukas aidiss@gmail.com<br \/>\nOriginal lesson author: David Pritchard, daveagp@gmail.com, http:\/\/cscircles.ca<br \/>\nLicense: http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/-->\n<p>Programuodami \u201esutiksite\u201c daug klaid\u0173. Klaid\u0173 \u201egaminimas\u201c, j\u0173 i\u0161siai\u0161kinimas ir taisymas yra nat\u016brali programavimo dalis. Pitonas bandys vykdyti visus j\u016bs\u0173 pageidavimus (komandas), ta\u010diau kartais jis gali ka\u017eko nesuprasti... ir parodys klaidos prane\u0161im\u0105. Pagal prane\u0161im\u0105 galima atsekti, kur ir kod\u0117l nutiko klaida.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160tai du klaidos pavyzd\u017eiai.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform0\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox0'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Sintaks\u0117s klaida (Syntax Error)<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode0' id='usercode0'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint \"Gee golly\"<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"81966cf5913311766a7a19a75c1c74f8\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit0\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse0\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0160iame pavyzdyje mes u\u017emir\u0161ome panaudoti skliaustelius. To u\u017etenka, kad Pitonas\u00a0 nesuprast\u0173, ko norime (Python 2-trojoje versijoje tai buvo \u012fprastas b\u016bdas spausdinti, bet 3-\u010dioje reikia skliausteli\u0173).<\/p>\n<p>Dar viena Pitono klaida.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform1\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox1'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Vykdymo klaida (Runtime Error)<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode1' id='usercode1'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(greeting)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory1' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit1' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse1\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"1\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"8dfd83e089a0ae728ab2b3c845adf96b\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults1' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit1\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse1\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0160iame pavyzdyje mes pamir\u0161ome apibr\u0117\u017eti <code>greeting<\/code> kintam\u0105j\u012f (priskirti jam reik\u0161m\u0119), arba pamir\u0161ome kabutes. Pitonas \u017einot\u0173, k\u0105 norime su juo padaryti, bet, ne\u017eino, kas tas <code>greeting.<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sintaks\u0117s klaida<\/strong> atsitinka, kai Pitonas nesupranta ka\u017ekurios komandos u\u017era\u0161ymo. <strong>Vykdymo klaida<\/strong> atsitinka, kai Pitonas supranta komandas, ta\u010diau negali j\u0173 \u012fvykdyti d\u0117l ka\u017ekoki\u0173 aplinkybi\u0173.<\/p>\n<p>Lietuvi\u0173 kalboje <strong>sintaks\u0117s klaidos<\/strong>\u00a0 pvz. gal\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Pra\u0161au kat\u0117s gyvat\u0117 kat\u0117s.<br \/>\nA\u0161 miegu pavargau, nes.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0160io sakinio strukt\u016bra n\u0117ra teisinga. Tuo tarpu <strong>vykdymo klaida<\/strong> b\u016bt\u0173 sakinys.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Pra\u0161au suvalgyti pianin\u0105.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Sakinio sintaks\u0117 ir gramatika teisinga. Ta\u010diau prad\u0117j\u0119 valgyti pianin\u0105, susidursime su problema. \u0160i\u0105 klaid\u0105 vadiname <em>vykdymo klaida (\u201eRuntime Error\u201c)<\/em>, nes j\u0105 pastebime, kai programa jau vyksta.<\/p>\n<p>Pa\u010dios klastingiausios yra <strong>login\u0117s klaidos<\/strong>. Programa bus \u012fvykdyta, ta\u010diau rezultatas bus ne toks, kokio tik\u0117jom\u0117s. Tokios programos pavyzdys gal\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti sakinys<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>U\u017edaryki duris, kad saul\u0117 anks\u010diau patek\u0117t\u0173.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Tai yra klaida, kadangi saul\u0117s patek\u0117jimo laikas nepriklauso nuo to, ar durys yra u\u017edarytos.<\/p>\n<h2>Sintaks\u0117s klaid\u0173 pavyzd\u017eiai<\/h2>\n<p>Vis\u0173 pirma, Pitonas gali aptikti simbol\u012f, kurio toje vietoje nesitik\u0117jo.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform2\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox2'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>netinkamas simbolis<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode2' id='usercode2'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(Hello, World!)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory2' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit2' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse2\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"2\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"53af0a5dfce5a95defabdd2752aa8b9a\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults2' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit2\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse2\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Pitonas sako <code>SyntaxError: invalid syntax<\/code> ir nurodo (su <code>^<\/code>), kad problema yra susijusi su \u00a0<code>!<\/code>. \u0160auktukas Pitone neturi jokios prasm\u0117s. Sintaks\u0117s klaida dingt\u0173 jei program\u0105 pataisytume \u012f <code>print(\"Hello, World!\")<\/code>. Tokiu atveju Pitonas suprast\u0173, kad <code>!<\/code> yra teksto <code>Hello, World<\/code> dalis.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160tai \u0161iek tiek subtilesn\u0117 sintaks\u0117s klaida.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox3'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>bazinis terminas kaip kintamojo vardas<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nclass = \"Advanced Computronics for Beginners\"<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"40ed0b2ae843ff6ca220980f9fa67ded\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit3\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse3\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Problema tame, kad <code>class<\/code> yra specialus Pitono terminas, ir jo negalima naudoti kitiems reikalams (pvz, kintamojo vardui). Pakeit\u0119 class \u012f <code>course<\/code> i\u0161vengtume klaidos. Paspauspkite <a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink4\">\u010dia<\/a>, kad pamatytum\u0117te visus specialius Pitono bazinius terminus.<\/p>\n<p>Jei naudojate kabutes, bet pamir\u0161tate jas u\u017edaryti taip pat bus sintaks\u0117s klaida.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform5\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox5'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>u\u017emir\u0161ta u\u017edaranti kabut\u0117<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode5' id='usercode5'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nname = \"Jim<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory5' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit5' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse5\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"5\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"a00ede96a4e7e990cd6230168cf010ce\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults5' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit5\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse5\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0160ioje klaidoje, <strong>EOL<\/strong> rei\u0161kia \"<strong>E<\/strong>nd <strong>O<\/strong>f <strong>L<\/strong>ine\" (eilut\u0117s pabaiga): Pitonas tik\u0117josi, kad panaudodami <code>\"<\/code> u\u017edarysite atidarytas kabutes toje pa\u010dioje eilut\u0117je.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox6'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>u\u017emir\u0161tas u\u017edarantis skliaustas<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode6' id='usercode6'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(77<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"d336ec5dcd2bda49789863e724b388eb\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit6\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse6\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Pana\u0161iai, <strong>EOF<\/strong> rei\u0161kia \"<strong>E<\/strong>nd <strong>O<\/strong>f <strong>F<\/strong>ile\" (failo pabaiga): Pitonas ie\u0161kojo u\u017edaran\u010dio skliausto <code>)<\/code>, ta\u010diau programa baig\u0117si be u\u017edarymo.<\/p>\n<p>Prisiminkite, kiekvienas klaidos prane\u0161imas leid\u017eia mums t\u0105 klaid\u0105 i\u0161taisyti. B\u016bkime atid\u016bs tiek ra\u0161ydami programos kod\u0105, tiek sekdami klaidos prane\u0161im\u0173 p\u0117domis.<\/p>\n<h2>Vykdymo klaidos<\/h2>\n<p>Pamenate, Pitonas gali suprasti, k\u0105 norime padaryti, ta\u010diau susiduria su problemomis \u012fvykdydamas m\u016bs\u0173 instrukcijas.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>neapibr\u0117\u017eto kintamojo naudojimas. Tai gali atsitikti jei kei\u010diate ma\u017e\u0105sias ir did\u017ei\u0105sias raides: <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform7\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox7'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>nerastas kintamasis (d\u0117l ra\u0161ybos klaidos)<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode7' id='usercode7'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\ncallMe = \"Maybe\"\nprint(callme)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory7' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit7' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse7\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"7\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"740642486e9cd6e2d0fc0ed4d287c152\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults7' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit7\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse7\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\nArba, jei u\u017emir\u0161ite kabutes, teksto \u017eod\u017eiai gali b\u016bti suprasti, kaip kintamieji: <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform8\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox8'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>nerastas kintamasis (d\u0117l u\u017emir\u0161t\u0173 kabu\u010di\u0173)<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode8' id='usercode8'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(Hello, World)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory8' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit8' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse8\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"8\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"69ac1926e19f94390d6785666fcea02f\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults8' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit8\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse8\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\nArba i\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173 u\u017emir\u0161ote apibr\u0117\u017eti kintam\u0105j\u012f (priskirti jam reik\u0161m\u0119), prie\u0161 naudodami ;) <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform9\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox9'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>nerastas kintamasis<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode9' id='usercode9'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\na=5\nif a &gt; b: print(\"ok\")<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory9' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit9' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse9\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"9\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"69c996f3ee4cdb3396dbcb6ead1bbbdd\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults9' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit9\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse9\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/li>\n<li>dalyba i\u0161 nulio. Kaip ir matematikoje, dalyba i\u0161 nulio n\u0117ra \u012fmanoma. <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform10\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox10'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>dalyba i\u0161 nulio<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode10' id='usercode10'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(1\/0)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory10' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit10' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse10\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"10\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"cb2014b5df898d033f5e658c69ff0e83\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults10' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit10\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse10\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/li>\n<li>veiksmai su netinkamais duomen\u0173 tipais <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform11\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox11'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>teksto ir skai\u010di\u0173 sud\u0117tis<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 32px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode11' id='usercode11'  cols=10 rows=1 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 32px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(\"you cannot add text and numbers\" + 12)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory11' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit11' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse11\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"11\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"afc0b720d5bdc6d5aef42827bf7ded19\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults11' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit11\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse11\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Naudodami Pitona aptiksite daug b\u016bt\u0173, kaip \u201esukurti\u201c klaidas.<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Kuo skiriasi sintaks\u0117s ir vykdymo klaidos? I\u0161bandykime abi programas.  [pyExample title='Vykdymo klaida='print(\"Here is some text\")\\nprint(1\/0)'] [\/pyExample]  <form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform12\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox12'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Sintaks\u0117s klaida<\/span><\/div> <div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode12' id='usercode12'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(\"Here is some text\")\nprint(1*0<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory12' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit12' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse12\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"12\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"cc1d8b85fd9b92a8b8556190505ef698\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults12' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit12\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse12\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n  Programa su vykdymo klaida ka\u017ek\u0105 nuveik\u0117 (atspausdino eilut\u0119). Tuo tarpu sintaks\u0117s klaid\u0105 turinti programa net neprad\u0117jo veikti. Taip yra tod\u0117l, kad Pitonas supranta program\u0105 dviem etapais: <\/p>\n<ol> \t<\/p>\n<li>analizuoja programos strukt\u016br\u0105, patikrina u\u017era\u0161ymo sintaks\u0119.<\/li>\n<p> \t<\/p>\n<li>neradus sintaks\u0117s klaid\u0173, programa yra paleid\u017eiama.<\/li>\n<p> <\/ol>\n<p> <\/p>\n<div>Taigi, programa su sintaks\u0117s klaidomis nebus paleid\u017eiama, tuo tarpu vykdymo klaidos randamos tik programos vykdymo eigoje. Vykdymo klaidas sunkiau pasteb\u0117ti, nes priklausomai nuo duomen\u0173, jos gali nutikti arba ne (pvz, dalyba i\u0161 nulio \u012fvyks tik, kai kintamasis bus 0).<\/div>\n<p>  <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<h2>Login\u0117s klaidos<\/h2>\n<p>Programa gali veikti nestrigdama (jei joje n\u0117ra sintaks\u0117s ir vykdymo klaid\u0173), ta\u010diau vis tiek gr\u0105\u017einti mums klaiding\u0105 rezultat\u0105. Tarkime, norime programos kuri suskai\u010diuoja dviej\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173, <em>x<\/em> ir<em>y<\/em>, vidurk\u012f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img src='https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cdisplaystyle%7B%5Cfrac%7Bx%2By%7D%7B2%7D%7D&#038;bg=T&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=2' alt='\\displaystyle{\\frac{x+y}{2}}' title='\\displaystyle{\\frac{x+y}{2}}' class='latex' \/><\/p>\n<p>Ar programa veiks?<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform13\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox13'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>\u0160i programa vidurk\u012f skai\u010diuoja neteisingai.<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 110px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode13' id='usercode13'  cols=10 rows=4 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 110px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nx = 3\ny = 4\naverage = x + y \/ 2\nprint(average)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory13' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit13' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse13\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"13\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"2495b74069089ef3bf1c45449394ab3d\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults13' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit13\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse13\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Vidurkis tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img src='https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cdisplaystyle%7B%5Cfrac%7Bx%2By%7D%7B2%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B3%2B4%7D%7B2%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B7%7D%7B2%7D%3D3.5%7D&#038;bg=T&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=2' alt='\\displaystyle{\\frac{x+y}{2}=\\frac{3+4}{2}=\\frac{7}{2}=3.5}' title='\\displaystyle{\\frac{x+y}{2}=\\frac{3+4}{2}=\\frac{7}{2}=3.5}' class='latex' \/><\/p>\n<p>bet programa atspausdina <code>5.0<\/code>! \u00a0\u0160i klaida atsitiko d\u0117l aritmetikoje naudojamos veiksm\u0173 tvarkos. <code>x + y \/ 2<\/code>, rei\u0161kia <img src='https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=x+%2B+%28y+%2F+2%29+%3D+3+%2B+%284+%2F+2%29+%3D+3+%2B+2+%3D+5&#038;bg=T&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=2' alt='x + (y \/ 2) = 3 + (4 \/ 2) = 3 + 2 = 5' title='x + (y \/ 2) = 3 + (4 \/ 2) = 3 + 2 = 5' class='latex' \/>. \u0160i\u0105 klaid\u0105 galime i\u0161taisyti, panaudodami skliaustus -- perra\u0161ydami\u00a0 <code>average = (x + y) \/ 2<\/code>, nes pirma norime sud\u0117ti, o tik tada padalinti.<\/p>\n<p>Logines klaidas gali b\u016bti sunku pasteb\u0117ti, ypa\u010d ilgesn\u0117se programose. 6D \u00a0pamokoje su\u017einosime, kaip i\u0161vengti logini\u0173 klaid\u0173.<\/p>\n<h2>Pratimai<\/h2>\n<p>\u0160tai trys pratimai programavimo klaid\u0173 taisymui (angl. \"<em>debugging\"<\/em>). Klaidas galite aptikti dar nepaleid\u0119 programos arba pagal paleistos programos prane\u0161imus.<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Kiekvienoje programoje yra ka\u017ekoks kodas. Jums tereikia pakeisti kelet\u0105 simboli\u0173. <em>\u201dVertinitojas\u201d nepripa\u017eins program\u0173, kuriose bus pakeista per daug simboli\u0173.<\/em> Spustelkite \"<strong>Gr\u0105\u017einti pradin\u012f kod\u0105<\/strong>\", jei norite prad\u0117ti i\u0161 naujo. <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform14\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox14'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Sumavimas<\/span><\/div>I\u0161taisykite <strong>sintaks\u0117s<\/strong> klaid\u0105. Programa turi atspausdinti sum\u0105 skai\u010di\u0173 nuo 1 iki 10. Galite pakeisti tik vien\u0105 simbol\u012f.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode14' id='usercode14'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\nprint(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 +)\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory14' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode14' value='print(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 +)\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit14' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='history' value=\"History\" onclick=\"historyClick(14,'1e.product')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='default' value=\"Reset code to default\" onclick=\"pbSetText(14,descape($('#defaultCode14').val()))\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='help' value=\"Help\" onclick=\"helpClick(14);\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse14\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"14\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"512b46afe43cf57ffa5f4051c36f5cf5\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults14' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit14\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse14\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform15\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox15'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Hello Joe<\/span><\/div>I\u0161taisykite <strong>vykdymo<\/strong> klaid\u0105: pirmoje eilut\u0117je programa turi atspausdinti <code>Hello<\/code>, o antroje - <code>Joe<\/code>. Galite pakeisti du simbolius.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode15' id='usercode15'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\nprint(\"Hello\")\nusername = Joe \nprint(username)\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory15' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode15' value='print(\\\"Hello\\\")\\nusername = Joe \\nprint(username)\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit15' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='history' value=\"History\" onclick=\"historyClick(15,'1e.joe')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='default' value=\"Reset code to default\" onclick=\"pbSetText(15,descape($('#defaultCode15').val()))\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='help' value=\"Help\" onclick=\"helpClick(15);\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse15\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"15\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"d240d37cf33a4191d27980eec17ea5e6\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults15' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit15\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse15\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><!--Paskutin\u0117 problema yra sud\u0117tingesn\u0117 nei dvi ankstesn\u0117s. Praleiskite \u0161i\u0105 u\u017eduot\u012f jei ji pasirodys per sunki. Praleist\u0173 ir i\u0161spr\u0119st\u0173 problem\u0173 ap\u017evalg\u0105 galite rasti puslapyje<a title=\"My Progress\" href=\"\/user-page\/\">Mano progresas<\/a>.--><\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform16\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox16'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Apsipirkin\u0117jame<\/span><\/div>Einate \u012f parduotuv\u0119 pirkti miesos ir pieno, bet pasirodo, \u0161iems produktams yra papildomas mokestis (antiakcija :\/). J\u016bs perkate pieno u\u017e 2 Lt ir m\u0117sos u\u017e 4 Lt, ir dar papildomai sumokate 3% mokest\u012f. Atspausdinkite vis\u0105 pirkini\u0173 kain\u0105 (valiutos \u017eenklo spausdinti nereikia). Galite pakeisti 3 simbolius. <a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink17\">U\u017euomina<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode16' id='usercode16'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\nmeatPrice = 4.00\nmeatTax = 0.03 * meatPrice\nmilkPrice = 2.00\nmilkTax = 0.03 * milkPrice\nprint(meatTax + meatPrice + milkTax + meatPrice)\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory16' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode16' value='meatPrice = 4.00\\nmeatTax = 0.03 * meatPrice\\nmilkPrice = 2.00\\nmilkTax = 0.03 * milkPrice\\nprint(meatTax + meatPrice + milkTax + meatPrice)\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit16' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='history' value=\"History\" onclick=\"historyClick(16,'1e.shopping')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='default' value=\"Reset code to default\" onclick=\"pbSetText(16,descape($('#defaultCode16').val()))\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='help' value=\"Help\" onclick=\"helpClick(16);\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse16\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"16\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"9c1f9362bb89d43f2c37cb99fedb71fe\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults16' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit16\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse16\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Programuodami \u201esutiksite\u201c daug klaid\u0173. Klaid\u0173 \u201egaminimas\u201c, j\u0173 i\u0161siai\u0161kinimas ir taisymas yra nat\u016brali programavimo dalis. Pitonas bandys vykdyti visus j\u016bs\u0173 pageidavimus (komandas), ta\u010diau kartais jis gali ka\u017eko nesuprasti... ir parodys klaidos prane\u0161im\u0105. Pagal prane\u0161im\u0105 galima atsekti, kur ir kod\u0117l nutiko klaida. &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/1e-lt\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8145","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8145"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8698,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8145\/revisions\/8698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}