{"id":8103,"date":"2014-08-26T14:20:58","date_gmt":"2014-08-26T18:20:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/?page_id=8103"},"modified":"2014-10-16T17:40:08","modified_gmt":"2014-10-16T21:40:08","slug":"3-komentarai-ir-kabutes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/3-komentarai-ir-kabutes\/","title":{"rendered":"3: Komentarai ir kabut\u0117s"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- Please retain this notice and add more notes if you create a new version.<br \/>\nLithuanian translators: Jurgis Pralgauskis, jurgis.pralgauskis@gmail.com, Aidis Stukas aidiss@gmail.com<br \/>\nOriginal lesson author: David Pritchard, daveagp@gmail.com, http:\/\/cscircles.ca<br \/>\nLicense: http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/-->\n<p>Programose b\u016bna 3-j\u0173 ru\u0161i\u0173 tekstas: \u00a0programos komandos, tekstiniai duomenys ir komentarai.<\/p>\n<p>Kompiuterin\u0117s programos ra\u0161omos taip, kad jomis b\u016bt\u0173 galima \u201csusikalb\u0117ti\u201d su kompiuteriu. Ta\u010diau kiekviena lazda turi du galus, geb\u0117jimas \u201csusikalb\u0117ti\u201d su kompiuteriu rei\u0161kia ir tai, kad kalba tampa ma\u017eiau suprantama \u017emon\u0117ms. \u0160iai problemai spr\u0119sti naudojami <strong>komentarai<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Pitone, kiekviena eilut\u0117 esanti po <strong><code>#<\/code><\/strong> simbolio yra\u00a0 komentaras - papildoma informacija programuotojui - bet tiesiogiai programos vykdymui neturi \u012ftakos:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform0\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox0'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Example: <\/span><span class='title'>Kaip veikia komentavimas<\/span><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 84px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode0' id='usercode0'  cols=10 rows=3 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 84px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint(1) # \u010dia yra komentaras\n# print(2)\nprint(3) # kitas komentaras @!#!@$<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"45536b837a1deb28a3c9f6926ffe0444\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit0\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse0\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Pitonas antrosios eilut\u0117s nevykd\u0117 - nespausdino, kadangi ji prasid\u0117jo <code>#<\/code> simboliu (programa neatspausdino <code>2)<\/code>.<br \/>\nKomentarai yra naudojami keliais atvejais:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>programos paai\u0161kinimams, kuriuos v\u0117liau gal\u0117s skaityti kiti \u017emon\u0117s;<\/li>\n<li>priminimui, k\u0105 reikt\u0173 toje vietoje padaryti (\"to do\" s\u0105ra\u0161ams);<\/li>\n<li>dalies programos laikinam \u201ei\u0161jungimui\u201c (kad nereik\u0117t\u0173 to fragmento trinti, o paskui v\u0117l \u012fkopijuoti)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0160tai keletas pavyzd\u017ei\u0173. Nor\u0117dami prad\u0117ti i\u0161 naujo, spauskite <strong>\u201eGr\u0105\u017einti pradin\u012f kod\u0105\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform1\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox1'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Antras sp\u0117jimas<\/span><\/div> I\u0161taisykite \u0161i\u0105 program\u0105, kad ji atspausdint\u0173 sekund\u017ei\u0173, esan\u010di\u0173 savait\u0117je kiek\u012f.. <a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink2\">U\u017euomina<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode1' id='usercode1'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# tikslas: aspausdinti, kiek sekund\u017ei\u0173 yra savait\u0117je  \nsecondsPerMinute = 60\nsecondsPerHour = secondsPerMinute * 50 # todo: patikrinti, ar ok!\nsecondsPerDay = secondsPerHour * 24\ndaysPerWeek = 5\n# daysPerWeek = daysPerWeek + 2 # ar skai\u010diuoti savaitgal\u012f?\nprint(secondsPerDay * daysPerWeek)\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory1' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode1' value='# tikslas: aspausdinti, kiek sekund\\u017ei\\u0173 yra savait\\u0117je  \\nsecondsPerMinute = 60\\nsecondsPerHour = secondsPerMinute * 50 # todo: patikrinti, ar ok!\\nsecondsPerDay = secondsPerHour * 24\\ndaysPerWeek = 5\\n# daysPerWeek = daysPerWeek + 2 # ar skai\\u010diuoti savaitgal\\u012f?\\nprint(secondsPerDay * daysPerWeek)\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit1' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='history' value=\"History\" onclick=\"historyClick(1,'3.debug')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='default' value=\"Reset code to default\" onclick=\"pbSetText(1,descape($('#defaultCode1').val()))\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='help' value=\"Help\" onclick=\"helpClick(1);\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse1\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"1\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"f3c0517d3470d671519c81487acef1a3\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults1' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit1\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse1\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Tekstiniai duomenys<\/h2>\n<p>Tekstiniai duomenys yra simboli\u0173 eilut\u0117s, apsuptos kabut\u0117mis. Angli\u0161kai eilut\u0117 yra \u201estring\u201c, tod\u0117l tekstini\u0173 duomen\u0173 tipas yra vadinamas \u201e<strong>string<\/strong>\" (sutrumpintai \u201estr\u201c).\u00a0 <a href=\"\/\">Pamokoje nr. 0<\/a> buvo tekstiniai duomenys -\u00a0 <code>\"Hello, World!\"<\/code>.\u00a0 Jeigu teksto duomenyse (tarp kabu\u010di\u0173) yra <code>#<\/code>, jis neturi komentaro efekto.<br \/>\n<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox3'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>String\u2019as su <code>#<\/code> \u017eenklu.<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nmyStr = \"Nor\u0117dami palikti \u017einut\u0119 paspauskite #.\"\nprint(myStr)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"4d54f2bfbd53ed2fe586bb837704c1b2\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit3\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse3\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Prisiminkime, <code>print(\"3 + 4\")<\/code> neatspausdins 7, nor\u0117dami gauti 7 turime \u012fvesti <code>3 + 4<\/code>. T.y., tekstiniai duomenys gali atrodyti kaip programos fragmentas, ta\u010diau tai nebus vykdoma (nebent panaudosite ka\u017ekokias spec. funkcijas).<\/p>\n<h2>Spec. simboli\u0173 u\u017era\u0161ymas su\u00a0 <code>\\<\/code><\/h2>\n<p>O k\u0105 daryti, kai norime atspausdinti kabutes? Paband\u0119 paleisti <code>print(\"I said \"Wow!\" to him\")<\/code> gausime <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/console\/?consolecode=print%28%22I%20said%20%22Wow%21%22%20to%20him.%22%29\" target=\"_blank\"> klaid\u0105<\/a>: problema tame, kad Pitonas matys dvi teksto eilutes: <code>\"I said \"<\/code> ir ka\u017ekur toliau \u00a0<code>\" to him\"<\/code>. Juk mes ne to nor\u0117jome!<\/p>\n<p>\u0160i problema sprend\u017eiama dviem b\u016bdais.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Teksto eilut\u0119 galime prad\u0117ti ir u\u017ebaigti naudodami viengubas kabutes (apostrofus), pvz,\u00a0 <code>'blah blah'<\/code>. Tarp j\u0173 galime \u012ftalpinti dvigubas kabutes <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/console\/?consolecode=print%28%27I%20said%20%22Wow%21%22%20to%20him.%27%29\" target=\"_blank\"><code>'I said \"Wow!\" to him.'<\/code><\/a><\/li>\n<li>Prie\u0161 kabutes galime d\u0117ti spec. \u017eenkl\u0105 - kairin\u012f br\u016bk\u0161n\u012f (\"backslash\") -- po jo para\u0161yta kabut\u0117 bus suprantama kaip teksto dalis, o ne pabaigos \u017eenklas. Pvz., pvz.\u00a0 <code><code>\\\"<\/code><\/code> arba <code><code>\\'<\/code><code> <\/code><\/code><code><code><\/code><\/code>. Tai yra vadinama <a href=\"http:\/\/ims.mii.lt\/EK%C5%BD\/enciklo.html?word=kaitos%20seka\"><em>kaitos seka<\/em><\/a> (angl. \"escape sequence\"), nes kei\u010diasi simbolio prasm\u0117. Pa\u017evelkime \u012f pavyzd\u012f.<br \/>\n<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform4\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox4'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Kairiniai br\u016bk\u0161niai \u201eapsaugo\u201c kabutes, ta\u010diau n\u0117ra spausdinami.<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode4' id='usercode4'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint('Here\\'s a single-quote escape')\nprint(\"This is an \\\"escape\\\" of a double-quote\")<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory4' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit4' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse4\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"4\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"8c0193821640f0aa2769f8f21fe76d5d\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults4' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit4\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse4\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bet, kadangi <code><code>\\<\/code><\/code> yra ypatingas \u017eenklas, norint j\u012f atspausdinti, ra\u0161omas dvigubas <code><code>\\\\<\/code><\/code>.<\/p>\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral' id='pybox5'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Multiple Choice Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Kaitos sekos<\/span><\/div><div>K\u0105 atspausdins? <code>print(\"Backslashes \\\\ and single quotes \\' and double quotes \\\" and pound signs # are awesome!\")<\/code><\/div><label>Your choice: <\/label><select id=\"pyselect5\"><option value=\"d\" selected>Select one<\/option><option value=\"w\">Causes an error<\/option><option value=\"w\">Backslashes \\\\ and single quotes \\' and double quotes \\\" and pound signs # are awesome!<\/option><option value=\"r\">Backslashes \\ and single quotes ' and double quotes \" and pound signs # are awesome!\n<\/option><option value=\"w\"> and pound signs<\/option><\/select><div class='pyboxbuttons'><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"slug\" value=\"3.escapemulti\"\/><input type='submit' style='margin:5px;' value='Check answer' onClick='pbMultiCheck(5)'\/><\/div><div class=\"pbresults\" id=\"pyMultiResults5\"><\/div><div class=\"epilogue\">Correct!<\/div><\/div>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox6'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Panaudokite kairin\u012f br\u016bk\u0161n\u012f<\/span><\/div>Para\u0161ykite program\u0105 kuri atspausdina:<\/p>\n<pre>A double-quote's escaped using a backslash, e.g. \\\"<\/pre>Yra daugiau nei vienas b\u016bdas u\u017eduo\u010diai atlikti. Pavyzd\u017eiui, galite naudoti kabutes ir apostrofas. Ta\u010diau ar galite u\u017edavin\u012f i\u0161spr\u0119sti naudodami <a class=\"hintlink\"  id=\"hintlink7\">tre\u010di\u0105 b\u016bd\u0105?<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode6' id='usercode6'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='history' value=\"History\" onclick=\"historyClick(6,'3.escape')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='help' value=\"Help\" onclick=\"helpClick(6);\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"65d7e4200f2c629838a8579a6adf38ba\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit6\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse6\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Yra ir kitoki\u0173 kaitos sek\u0173: per\u0161okimas \u012f nauj\u0105 eilut\u0119 u\u017era\u0161oms \"\\n\", o tabuliacijos simbolis -- \"\\t\".<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Programose b\u016bna 3-j\u0173 ru\u0161i\u0173 tekstas: \u00a0programos komandos, tekstiniai duomenys ir komentarai. Kompiuterin\u0117s programos ra\u0161omos taip, kad jomis b\u016bt\u0173 galima \u201csusikalb\u0117ti\u201d su kompiuteriu. Ta\u010diau kiekviena lazda turi du galus, geb\u0117jimas \u201csusikalb\u0117ti\u201d su kompiuteriu rei\u0161kia ir tai, kad kalba tampa ma\u017eiau suprantama &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/3-komentarai-ir-kabutes\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8103","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8103"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8546,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8103\/revisions\/8546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}