{"id":4667,"date":"2012-06-21T17:06:39","date_gmt":"2012-06-21T21:06:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/?page_id=4667"},"modified":"2018-01-29T00:25:36","modified_gmt":"2018-01-29T05:25:36","slug":"11a-fr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/11a-fr\/","title":{"rendered":"11A: Minuscules"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- Please retain this notice and add more notes if you create a new version.<br \/>\nMain French translator: Brice Canvel, brice.canvel@gmail.com<br \/>\nOriginal lesson author: David Pritchard, daveagp@gmail.com<br \/>\nLicense: http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/<br \/>\nFor the full site, visit http:\/\/cscircles.ca-->\n<p><em>La le\u00e7on 11 est compos\u00e9e de trois parties A, B et C. Ces trois parties peuvent \u00eatre compl\u00e9t\u00e9es dans n'importe quel ordre.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ce le\u00e7on contient un exercice o\u00f9 vous aurez besoin d'\u00e9crire deux fonctions : une va utiliser l'autre pour accomplir leur but. La but est d'\u00e9crire une fonction\u00a0<code>minuChaine<\/code>\u00a0qui peut convertir toutes les lettres dans une cha\u00eene en minuscules. (A, B et C sont des lettres majuscules et a, b et c sont des lettres minuscules.) Par exemple, la r\u00e9sultat de<\/p>\n<pre>minuChaine(\"Cette chaine a eu 11 lettres MAJUSCULES (&amp; ponctuation)!\")<\/pre>devrait \u00eatre<\/p>\n<pre>\"cette chaine a eu 11 lettres majuscules (&amp; ponctuation)!\"<\/pre>\n<h2>Etape 1: Caract\u00e8res<\/h2>\n<p>La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape est d'\u00e9crire une fonction\u00a0<code>minuCar(caractere)<\/code>\u00a0qui retourne le r\u00e9sultat de la conversion d'un seul <code>caractere<\/code>\u00a0de minuscule en majuscule. Elle devrait faire la chose suivante:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>si <code>caractere<\/code>\u00a0est en majuscule (entre '<code>A<\/code>' et '<code>Z<\/code>'), elle retournera la version minuscule de la lettre (entre '<code>a<\/code>' et '<code>z<\/code>')<\/li>\n<li>dans les autres cas, elle retournera le <code>caractere<\/code>\u00a0donn\u00e9 en entr\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Afin de r\u00e9aliser cette premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape, vous aurez besoin d'utiliser l'<a href=\"\/6-fr\/\">instruction <code>if<\/code><\/a>, un\u00a0<a href=\"\/9-fr\/\">op\u00e9rateur <code>and<\/code><\/a>, et d'appliquer les connaissanes acquises dans la <a href=\"\/7a-fr\/\">le\u00e7on sur les cha\u00eenes<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform0\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox0'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Caract\u00e8res minuscules<\/span><\/div>D\u00e9finir une fonction\u00a0<code>minuCar(char)<\/code> qui remplie la description ci-dessus.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode0' id='usercode0'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput0\">Enter testing statements like <code>print(myfunction(\"test argument\"))<\/code> below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch0\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(0,'Y')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(0)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(0,'Y')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect0' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(0,'11a.lowerchar')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(0);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"171a11ae0be0d69206a060e65e8fdcc5\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(0);});pbInputSwitch(0,\"Y\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Etape 2: Cha\u00eenes<\/h2>\n<p>Maintenant vous allez \u00e9crire une seconde fonction\u00a0<code>minuChaine(chaine)<\/code>\u00a0qui retourne le r\u00e9sultat de la conversion de la cha\u00eene enti\u00e8re en minuscules, en utilisant la fonction\u00a0<code>minuCar<\/code> sur chaque caract\u00e8re. Nous vous proposons de proc\u00e9der comme ceci:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>premi\u00e8rement, copiez la fonction\u00a0<code>minuCar(caractere)<\/code>\u00a0depuis la solution de la premi\u00e8re partie<\/li>\n<li>d\u00e9finissez ensuite une fonction\u00a0<code>minuChaine(chaine)<\/code>\n<ul>\n<li>sur la premi\u00e8re ligne de <code>minuChaine<\/code>, initialisez une variable\u00a0<code>resultat = \"\"<\/code> \u00e9gale \u00e0 une cha\u00eene vide<\/li>\n<li>utilisez une <a href=\"\/7c-fr\/\">boucle for<\/a>\u00a0avec i et attribuez\u00a0<code>resultat = resultat + minuCar(chaine[i])<\/code><\/li>\n<li>enfin, <code>return resultat<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform1\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox1'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Cha\u00eenes minuscules<\/span><\/div>D\u00e9finissez une fonction <code>minuChaine(chaine)<\/code>\u00a0qui retourne le r\u00e9sultat de la conversion de <code>chaine<\/code>\u00a0en minuscules.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode1' id='usercode1'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# En premier, copiez votre d\u00e9finition de minuCar() ici\n# puis d\u00e9finir minuChaine (chaine)\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory1' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput1\">Enter testing statements like <code>print(myfunction(\"test argument\"))<\/code> below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode1' value='# En premier, copiez votre d\\u00e9finition de minuCar() ici\\n# puis d\\u00e9finir minuChaine (chaine)\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit1' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch1\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(1,'Y')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(1)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(1,'Y')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect1' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(1,'11a.lowerstring')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(1,descape($('#defaultCode1').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(1);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse1\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"1\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"9d7d9f63a1b17ac9c2e02870000649cf\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults1' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(1);});pbInputSwitch(1,\"Y\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Plus tard vous apprendrez la m\u00e9thode int\u00e9gr\u00e9e\u00a0<code>string.lower()<\/code>\u00a0qui fait exactement cette op\u00e9ration . <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La le\u00e7on 11 est compos\u00e9e de trois parties A, B et C. Ces trois parties peuvent \u00eatre compl\u00e9t\u00e9es dans n'importe quel ordre. Ce le\u00e7on contient un exercice o\u00f9 vous aurez besoin d'\u00e9crire deux fonctions : une va utiliser l'autre pour &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/11a-fr\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4667","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4667"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10707,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4667\/revisions\/10707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}