{"id":10809,"date":"2018-02-16T23:18:48","date_gmt":"2018-02-17T04:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/?page_id=10809"},"modified":"2018-07-06T23:58:27","modified_gmt":"2018-07-07T03:58:27","slug":"12-tr-tips","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/12-tr-tips\/","title":{"rendered":"12: \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- Please retain this notice and add more notes if you create a new version.<br \/>\nOriginal lesson author: David Pritchard, daveagp@gmail.com, http:\/\/cscircles.ca<br \/>\nLicense: http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/3.0\/-->\n<p>Bu derste Python dili ile ge\u00e7en derslerde atlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 bilgileri ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<h2><code>print<\/code>\u00a0Se\u00e7enekleri<\/h2>\n<p>\u015eu ana kadar yazd\u0131rma fonksiyonu olarak\u00a0<code>print()<\/code>\u00a0ile bir sat\u0131rda birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 item yazabilece\u011fimizi, aralar\u0131na bo\u015fluk koyabilece\u011fimizi g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Ama print fonksiyonunda bir ka\u00e7 anahtar kelimeyi\u00a0\u00a0arg\u00fcman olarak kullanarak yazdr\u0131ma i\u015flemini ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re \u015fekillendirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Bo\u015fluk karakteri yerine ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak, \u00f6rne\u011fin <code>S<\/code>, stringi koymak i\u00e7in arg\u00fcman olarak <code><\/code><code>sep = \u00abS\u00bb<\/code> kullan\u0131r\u0131z.<\/li>\n<li>Sat\u0131r sonu karakteri yerine ba\u015fka bir, \u00f6rne\u011fin\u00a0\u00a0<code>S<\/code>, stringi koymak i\u00e7in arg\u00fcman olarak\u00a0<code><\/code><code>end = \u00abS\u00bb<\/code> kullan\u0131r\u0131z.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu yeni \u00f6zelli\u011fi <em>anahtar kelime arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131<\/em>, birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnekte g\u00f6relim.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform0\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox0'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div><code>sep<\/code> ve <code>end<\/code> \u00f6rnekleri. Her bir <code>print<\/code> fonksiyonunun etkilerini inceleyin.<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 136px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode0' id='usercode0'  cols=10 rows=5 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 136px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nprint('D', 'A', 'S', 'H', sep='-')\nprint('Fiyat\u0131 $', 12*5, sep='')\nprint('Bu iki sat\u0131r', end='')\nprint(' bir arada g\u00f6r\u00fcnecek.')\nprint('S\u00fcper', end='!')<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(0)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"10aa4cecfa3af67845517f2afc781b00\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit0\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse0\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Anahtar kelime arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 arg\u00fcman listesnin en sonunda yer almal\u0131d\u0131r, yoksa <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/console\/?consolecode=print%28end%3D%27%27%2C%205%29\" target=\"_blank\">hata<\/a> olu\u015fur. E\u011fer ikisini birlikte kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, s\u0131ra farketmez istedi\u011finizi \u00f6nce yazabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform1\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox1'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Alfabe Aerobi\u011fi<\/span><\/div>\u015eimdi \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz y\u00f6ntemi kullanarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki program\u0131n hatal\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltin ve t\u00fcm b\u00fcy\u00fck harfli alfabeyi <em>ayn\u0131 sat\u0131rda<\/em> yazd\u0131rs\u0131n.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode1' id='usercode1'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\nfor c in range(0, 26):\n print(chr(ord('A')+c))\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory1' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode1' value='for c in range(0, 26):\\n print(chr(ord(\\u0027A\\u0027)+c))\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit1' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(1)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(1,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='history' value=\"History\" onclick=\"historyClick(1,'12.alphabet')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect1' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(1,descape($('#defaultCode1').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(1);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse1\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"1\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"99671960a927d9834ef63ed51b4b3006\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults1' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(1);});document.getElementById(\"submit1\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse1\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Ge\u00e7erli De\u011fi\u015fken\/Fonksiyon \u0130simleri<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130simler harfler, say\u0131lar ve alt\u00e7izgiden (<code>_<\/code>) olu\u015fabilir.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130simlerin ilk karakterleri harf olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Python b\u00fcy\u00fck harf k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harf ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Yani <code>benim_3\u00fcnc\u00fc_say\u0131m<\/code> ge\u00e7erli bir de\u011fi\u015fken ad\u0131 iken\u00a0<code>3\u00fcnc\u00fc_say\u0131<\/code> de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform2\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox2'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>B\u00fcy\u00fck ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harflerin farkl\u0131 ag\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir \u00f6rnek.<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 84px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode2' id='usercode2'  cols=10 rows=3 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 84px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\ngreaterOde = \"Uzun ince bir yolday\u0131m\"\ngreatErode = \"R\u00fczg\u00e2r erozyonu\"\nprint(greaterOde ) # bu da \u015fiir<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory2' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit2' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(2)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(2,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse2\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"2\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"84cfa8bbd1756f98b1670bea8c2d168c\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults2' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit2\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse2\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Azalan<code>for<\/code>\u00a0D\u00f6ng\u00fcleri &amp; Di\u011fer Art\u0131\u015flar<\/h2>\n<p>Artan s\u0131ral\u0131 say\u0131lar boyunca\u00a0<code>for<\/code>\u00a0d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn nas\u0131l yinelemeye devam etti\u011fini anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox3'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Bir\u00a0<code>for<\/code> d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nfor i in range(0, 5):\n print(i)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(3)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"48e0123a12ad2574217df6c6fcebe640\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit3\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse3\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7o\u011fu zaman\u00a0<code>for<\/code>\u00a0d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc azalan s\u0131ral\u0131 say\u0131larla yazmak gerekir\u00a0(b\u00fcy\u00fckten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011fe). Bunu yapabilmek i\u00e7in\u00a0<code>range<\/code>\u00a0ile bir arg\u00fcman daha kullan\u0131r\u0131z;\u00a0<em>step<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform4\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox4'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div><code>range<\/code>i\u00e7in negatif ad\u0131m aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode4' id='usercode4'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nfor i in range(5, 1, -1):\n print(i)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory4' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit4' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(4)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(4,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse4\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"4\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"61f7b1cfa7128b1075811c3bc806df3a\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults4' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit4\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse4\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Bir an dikkat ederseniz, asl\u0131nda\u00a0<code>range(0, 5)<\/code> ile\u00a0<code>range(0, 5, 1)<\/code>\u00a0form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn ayn\u0131 \u015fey oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz: art\u0131\u015f birer birer ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir, her seferinde 1 artarak ilerler. Herh\u00e2luk\u00e2rda dikkat etmemiz gereken \u015fey\u00a0<code>range(start, stop, step)<\/code>\u00a0en son noktadan yani \u00a0<code>stop<\/code>\u00a0noktas\u0131ndan\u00a0 bir \u00f6nce yineleme durur. Daha fazla bilgiyi For more information you can see the <a href=\"http:\/\/docs.python.org\/py3k\/library\/functions.html#range\">Python elkitab\u0131nda<\/a>. bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform5\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox5'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>\u015eansl\u0131 yediler<\/span><\/div>Ad\u0131m aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 olacak \u015fekilde ve birler basama\u011f\u0131 7 olan t\u00fcm \u00e7ift haneli say\u0131lar\u0131 artan s\u0131rayla yazd\u0131ran bir program\u0131\u00a0\u00a0<code>for<\/code>\u00a0d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc kullanarak olu\u015fturun.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy'  style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode5' id='usercode5'  cols=10 rows=20   class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory5' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit5' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(5)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='history' value=\"History\" onclick=\"historyClick(5,'12.sevens')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect5' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(5);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse5\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"5\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"7a446813b191ed69ef5263c8d9a90568\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults5' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(5);});document.getElementById(\"submit5\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse5\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Benzer \u015fekilde\u00a0<code>string[x:y:2]<\/code>\u00a0kullanarak substringi\u00a0<code>x, x+2, x+4, ...<\/code>\u00a0karakterleri ile veya \u00a0<code>string[y:x:-1]<\/code>\u00a0ile substringi tersten yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak alabiliriz (<code>y<\/code> &gt; <code>x<\/code>\u00a0ise).<\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00a0<code>for<\/code> d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc ile azalan s\u0131rada range almak i\u00e7in\u00a0<code>reversed(range(x, y))<\/code>, kullan\u0131r\u0131z, b\u00f6ylece i\u015flem\u00a0\u00a0<code>y-1<\/code>\u00a0'den ba\u015flayarak\u00a0<code>x<\/code>'e do\u011fru azalan s\u0131rada gider.<\/p>\n<h2>Daha K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kod Yazmak<\/h2>\n<p>Python bize daha k\u0131sa kod yazma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 da verir, burada birka\u00e7 tanesini g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n<p><table class='pywarn'><tr><td class='pywarnleft'><img src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/warning.png'\/><\/td><td class='pywarnright'><span> Bu web sayfas\u0131nda biz bu \u00f6zellikleri her zaman kullanm\u0131yoruz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar bazen kodu okumay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. <\/span><\/td><\/table><\/p>\n<h3>Atama Operat\u00f6rleri<\/h3>\n<p>Python \"<code>x += 1<\/code>\" yazmam\u0131za izin verir ve anlam\u0131 \"<code>x<\/code>\u00a0say\u0131s\u0131na 1 ekle\"\u00a0 olur. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6rece\u011fimiz gibi bu yaz\u0131m ile\u00a0 \"<code>x = x + 1<\/code>\" ayn\u0131 anlama gelir:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox6'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>\u00a0<code>+=<\/code>, <code>-=<\/code>, <code>*=<\/code>, <code>\/=<\/code>\u00f6rnekleri<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 240px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode6' id='usercode6'  cols=10 rows=9 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 240px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nx = 8\nx += 2\nprint(x)\nx -= 1\nprint(x)\nx \/= 3\nprint(x)\nx *= 10\nprint(x)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(6)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"657dbfafceda6ebf4bb45614201a5a12\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit6\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse6\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Benzer olarak, say\u0131larla i\u015flem yaparen (<code>\/\/=<\/code>) b\u00f6lme, modulus (<code>%=<\/code>), ve kuvvet (<code>**=<\/code>) i\u015flemcilerini kullanabiliriz.<\/p>\n<h3>Sat\u0131r \u0130\u00e7i Bloklar<\/h3>\n<p>Daha \u00f6nce baz\u0131 ifadelerin ilk sat\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 takiben kodu\u00a0girintilenmi\u015f blokla yazmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini\u00a0 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck: <code>for<\/code>, <code>if<\/code>, <code>else<\/code>, <code>elif<\/code>, <code>while<\/code>, ve<code>def<\/code>, \u00f6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<pre>if x==y:\r\n  \u00abblok\u00bb #girinti yapt\u0131k, birka\u00e7 sat\u0131r olabilir<\/pre>\u00d6zel bir durum olarak\u00a0<code>\u00abblok\u00bb<\/code>\u00a0sadece 1 sat\u0131r uzunlu\u011funda ise, Python \u015fu sentaksa izin verir:<\/p>\n<pre>if x==y: \u00abblok\u00bb #tek sat\u0131r<\/pre>Bir \u00f6rnek yapal\u0131m:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform7\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox7'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Sat\u0131r i\u00e7i blok ifadeleri<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode7' id='usercode7'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\ndef square(x): return x*x\nfor i in range(0, 6): print(square(i))<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory7' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit7' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(7)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(7,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse7\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"7\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"b3ade191aee4175bf56777c569c34c2f\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults7' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit7\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse7\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Bunun da s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 var ama: iki nokta \u00fcst\u00fcste ile birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f blok (<code>if<\/code>, <code>for<\/code>, vb) sat\u0131r i\u00e7i blok olarak kullan\u0131lamaz. Mesela, <code>if 2&gt;1: if 4&gt;3: print()<\/code> sentaks <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/console\/?consolecode=if%202%26gt%3B1%3A%20if%204%26gt%3B3%3A%20print%28%29\" target=\"_blank\">hatas\u0131 verir<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00c7oklu Atamalar<\/h3>\n<p>Python\u00a0 tek ifadeyle iki atama yapmaya izin verir:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform8\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox8'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>\u00c7oklu atama<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode8' id='usercode8'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nx, y = 3, 4\nprint('x =', x, 've y =', y)<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory8' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit8' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(8)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse8\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"8\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"c86a3376e4885f9d6a0a0e0598bd7649\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults8' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit8\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse8\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Bu kullan\u0131m sayesinde\u00a0<a href=\"\/1-variables\/\">yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda<\/a> tek sat\u0131rla soruyu \u00e7\u00f6zebiliriz!<\/p>\n<h3>Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma Zinciri<\/h3>\n<p>Python birden fazla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeye de izin verir:<br \/>\n<form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform9\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox9'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>\u00c7oklu atama<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 84px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode9' id='usercode9'  cols=10 rows=3 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 84px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nya\u015f= int(input())\nif 12 &lt; ya\u015f&lt; 20: #  (12 &lt; ya\u015f) ve (ya\u015f &lt; 20) ile ayn\u0131 \u015fey \n print('Sen bir ergensin!')<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory9' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit9' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(9)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(9,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse9\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"9\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"cdab85f573c1ca3f4f7d1cf420e40958\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults9' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit9\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse9\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n\u00a0<code>v<\/code>'lerin de\u011fer\u00a0\u00a0<code>c<\/code>'lerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma\u00a0oldu\u011fu herhangi bir <code>v1 c1 v2 c2 v3 ...<\/code> zinciri,\u00a0<code>(v1 c1 v2) ve (v2 c2 v3) ve...<\/code> ile ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde i\u015fleme konur.<\/p>\n<h3><code>[:]<\/code> ve <code>range()<\/code> i\u00e7in Varsay\u0131lan De\u011ferler<\/h3>\n<p>Substring operat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc <code>[:]<\/code>\u00a0kullan\u0131rken ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 veya biti\u015f de\u011ferlerinden birini yazmayabiliriz. (Gelecek derste g\u00f6rece\u011finiz gibi, bu listeler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.) Stringin varsay\u0131lan ilk indeksi\u00a0\u00a0<code>0<\/code> (stringin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131) ve varsay\u0131lan son indeks de stringin uzunlu\u011fudur (karakter say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r).\u00a0 Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, <code>range(n)<\/code>\u00a0de\u00a0<code>range(0, n)<\/code>\u00a0yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform10\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox10'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div><code>[:]<\/code> ve\u00a0<code>range()<\/code>\u00a0i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 110px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode10' id='usercode10'  cols=10 rows=4 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 110px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nS = \"Erzurum\"\nprint(S[3:])                  # sa\u011f substring, \"zurum\"\nprint(S[:2])                  # sol substring, \"Er\"\nfor i in range(5): print(i*i) # 0, 1, .. 16 yazd\u0131r\u0131r<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory10' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit10' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(10)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(10,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse10\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"10\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"5227cfb0dce4b94af1ca2589023b72cd\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults10' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit10\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse10\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<h1><code>None<\/code><\/h1>\n<p>Baz\u0131 fonksiyonlar\u0131n as\u0131l etkisi bir de\u011fer d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmektir,\u00a0<code>abs(x) gibi<\/code>. Ama etkileri itibariyle daha de\u011ferli di\u011fer fonksiyonlar, <code>print()<\/code>\u00a0gibi, yine de varsay\u0131lan\u00a0<code>None<\/code>\u00a0de\u011ferini d\u00f6nd\u00fcrebilirler:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform11\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox11'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>\u00a0<code>print<\/code>\u00a0de\u011feri<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 136px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode11' id='usercode11'  cols=10 rows=5 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 136px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nresult = print('Buraya ne yazsak olur')\nprint(result)\ndef forgotToReturn(x):\n x*x\nprint(forgotToReturn(5))<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory11' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit11' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(11)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(11,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse11\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"11\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"f57cf934765b611aca1a70d7daf460cd\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults11' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit11\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse11\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>Burada\u00a0<code>None<\/code>\u00a0 Python taraf\u0131ndan genel ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir yer tutucu (placeholder) olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir de\u011ferdir. E\u011fer <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/console\/?consolecode=print%28type%28None%29%29\" target=\"_blank\">type(None) komutunu verirseniz<\/a>, g\u00f6receksiniz ki\u00a0\u00a0<code>None<\/code>\u00a0i\u00e7in bile bir tip tan\u0131ml\u0131, <code>NoneType<\/code>. Buraya kadar gelmi\u015fken bir type de\u011fi\u015fkeninin tipine bakal\u0131m:<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform12\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral  facultative' id='pybox12'>\n<div class=\"heading\"><span class=\"title\">Example<\/span><\/div>Bir tipin tipi<div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RO '  style='height: 58px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode12' id='usercode12'  cols=10 rows=2 readonly='readonly'  style = 'height : 58px;'  class='pyboxCode RO'>\nx = 23432\nprint(x, type(x), type(type(x)), type(type(type(x))))<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory12' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit12' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(12)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(12,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse12\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"12\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"aea32d11990220cd2435630a82e7da88\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults12' class='pbresults'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>document.getElementById(\"submit12\").value = \"Run program\";document.getElementById(\"inputInUse12\").value = \"N\";<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdiki al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmada <code>type<\/code> ve\u00a0<code>print<\/code>\u00a0kullan\u0131larak yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f uzun bir komutun sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatle izlemenizi isteyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral multiscramble' id='pybox13'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Scramble Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Bir Varm\u0131\u015f<\/span><\/div><code>print(type(print(type(type(print(print()))))))<\/code>\u00a0 komutunun \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 4 sat\u0131rdan olu\u015fur. Bunlar\u0131 do\u011fru \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayal\u0131m.<ul class=\"pyscramble\" name=\"pyscramble\" id=\"pyscramble13\">\n<li id=\"pyli13_1\" class=\"pyscramble\" >None<\/li>\n<li id=\"pyli13_3\" class=\"pyscramble\" >&lt;class 'NoneType'&gt;<\/li>\n<li id=\"pyli13_2\" class=\"pyscramble\" >&lt;class 'type'&gt;<\/li>\n<li id=\"pyli13_0\" class=\"pyscramble\" ><i>&laquo;blank line&raquo;<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"pyboxbuttons\"><input type='button' value='Check answer' onclick='pbMultiscrambleCheck(13)'\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"slug\" value=\"12.ordering\"\/>\n<\/div><div id=\"pbresults13\" class=\"pbresults\"><\/div><div class=\"epilogue\">Correct!<\/div><\/div>\n<p>\u015eimdilik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z bu kadar. Bir sonraki derse ge\u00e7meye haz\u0131r\u0131z!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu derste Python dili ile ge\u00e7en derslerde atlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 bilgileri ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. print\u00a0Se\u00e7enekleri \u015eu ana kadar yazd\u0131rma fonksiyonu olarak\u00a0print()\u00a0ile bir sat\u0131rda birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 item yazabilece\u011fimizi, aralar\u0131na bo\u015fluk koyabilece\u011fimizi g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Ama print fonksiyonunda bir ka\u00e7 anahtar kelimeyi\u00a0\u00a0arg\u00fcman olarak kullanarak yazdr\u0131ma i\u015flemini &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/12-tr-tips\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10809","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10809"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11008,"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10809\/revisions\/11008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca\/dev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}